Which of the following is a sign of adequate nutritional status in patients receiving infusions?

A positive nitrogen balance is an indicator of adequate nutritional status because it reflects that the body is receiving and utilizing a sufficient amount of protein. In a positive nitrogen balance, nitrogen intake from protein consumption exceeds nitrogen loss, suggesting that the body has enough protein available for growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues. This is especially critical for patients receiving infusions, as their nutritional needs may be higher due to medical conditions or treatment protocols, and maintaining a positive nitrogen balance supports recovery and overall health.

While stable weight, increased appetite, and decreased edema can also be associated with improved nutritional status, they are not as direct or definitive measures as nitrogen balance. Weight stability can indicate good nutrition, but it does not account for body composition changes. An increased appetite is a positive sign but may not guarantee adequate intake if not accompanied by the necessary nutrient absorption or utilization. Decreased edema may suggest improved fluid balance or health, but again, it does not specifically reflect nutritional intake or protein status. Thus, a positive nitrogen balance serves as a more precise indicator of nutritional adequacy in the context of patients receiving nutritional infusions.