What condition can arise from vessel erosion during central catheterization?

Vessel erosion during central catheterization can lead to pneumothorax, which is a condition characterized by the presence of air in the pleural cavity. When a central venous catheter is improperly placed or if there is excessive pressure applied during the insertion process, it has the potential to puncture the pleura, the lining around the lungs. This puncture allows air to escape from the lung into the pleural space, leading to a pneumothorax.

Recognizing this risk is critical during central venous catheter placement, as pneumothorax can severely compromise respiratory function and may require prompt medical intervention. Understanding the anatomy and potential complications associated with catheterization helps practitioners minimize these risks, ensuring safer and more effective patient care.